An Example Of Software Failure - 955 Words

Software is used everywhere, such as in cell phones, GPS, ATM, and all other technologies. Software makes people’s life easier because it helps in everything. Software is usually made to be stable and people can rely on it. However, at some point software could fail down and cause serious disaster, such as losing information, hardware failure, or other serious issues. There are some signs of imminent failure that might include poor performance, popups or frequent errors, unknown programs that being installed, power loss (computer shuts down automatically), or certain parts not working. Some companies have software failures, which could ruin their reputation. There are several reasons that implements the software failing such as, poor software system, sloppy development practices, unmanaged risks, poor reporting of the project’s status, and inability to handle the project’s complexity (Charette, n.d.). An example of software failure is NASDAQ. The National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation (NASDAQ) is a stock market that began trading on February 8, 1971, in New York, as the world’s first electronic stock market, trading for over 2,500 securities (History of the American and NASDAQ Stock Exchanges, 2012). NASDAQ began at the National Association of Securities Dealers, or NASD. The NASD wanted to create a way for investors to buy and sell stocks on a computerized, transparent, and fast system. The NASD believed that investors could earn moreShow MoreRelatedQuestions On Advance Software Engineering1655 Words   |  7 PagesAdvance Software engineering Midterm-1 Name : Sushma Manjunath Bharadwaj ID: 87298 1. What is a context diagram? Why is a context diagram important to software engineering? How does doing a context diagram improve the safety and reliability of the ultimate software project? (Min 100 words) Solution: Context diagrams are the diagrams that show relationship between the system and external entities. The external entities provide inputs and in turn get output from the system. It shows the connectionRead MoreQuestions On Advanced Software Engineering1032 Words   |  5 PagesASSIGNMENT-2 ADVANCED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING CSC-580-01 PROCESS as the word defines about some of the operations that has to be done in a proper order. for every task which we want to complete. Everybody needs to complete the task within time so that they make a process like a documentation, with the help of that documentation they can complete the task in the scheduled time. While coming to the software field, every team should follow a process, when they are developing a project. Maintaining aRead MoreThe Impact Of Correlated Failures On Software Reliability1483 Words   |  6 PagesImpact of correlated failures on software reliability Lohith Kantharaj Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Colorado State University Fort Collins, CO 80523-1373, USA lohith.kantharaj@gmail.com Abstract--A number of software fault tolerance methods have been proposed to achieve high reliability. However, these methods suffer from the lack of considering the possibility of correlated failures, where the failure of multiple components leads to system failure. Furthermore, previous methodsRead MoreThe Key Engine Of Economic And Social Progress Essay732 Words   |  3 PagesThe Software is used in every detail of social life and is becoming the key engine of economic and social progress which affects social and economic development. Nowadays, our live relies more and more on the correct execution of software, whether a software is on our equipment (cell phones, engine injection, etc.), in the business we undertake each day (credit or debit card purchases, fund transfer, internet usage, electronic mail, etc.), or even those that are hidden from view (back office softwareRead MoreReasons For Software Project Failure Essay1131 Words   |  5 Pages 1 Introduction The software industry is one of the largest and rapidly expanding industries in the world. In less than a century the software industry market has grown from non-existent, into a multi-billion dollar industry. According to industry analyst Gartner, the size of the worldwide software industry in 2013 was $407.3 billion, an increase of 4.8 over 2012. Many companies invest into innovative IT projects with the intention to boost new opportunities for their businesses, increase their competitivenessRead MoreEngineering Software For Safety Critical Systems1048 Words   |  5 Pages Engineering software for safety critical systems can be a tough task. In all respects, it should be. The Therac-25 incidents are only examples of scenarios in which the development of safety critical software can go awry. Another example of a safety critical system might be the software that runs a nuclear power plant. Still other examples might be the fly by wire system in an avionics deployment, or the elect ronic parking break in an automobile. The failure of these systems can spell disasterRead MoreFuzzy Logic Based N Version Programming For Improving Software Fault Tolerance1352 Words   |  6 PagesFuzzy logic based N Version Programming for improving Software Fault Tolerance Introduction: The N-version software concept attempts to parallel the traditional hardware fault tolerance concept of N-way redundant hardware. In an N-version software system, each module is made with up to N different implementations. Each variant accomplishes the same task, but hopefully in a different way. Each version then submits its answer to voter or decider which determines the correct answer, (hopefullyRead MoreThe Southwest Blackout Of 20031218 Words   |  5 Pagesblackout of 2003 was one of the most critical blackouts in the history which affected more than 50 million people in both the United States and Canada. The main cause of this disaster was a software bug in the energy management system used by FirstEnergy Corporation, located in Akron, Ohio. This is a perfect example of poor quality coding may led to a big disaster. For a perfectly planned power grid, the power generation of each region is matched with the power consumption within this region, so thatRead MoreAnalyzing And Improving Reliability Of Storage Systems1253 Words   |  6 Pagesdone on analyzing and improving the reliability of storage systems. We classify the existing work into two categories based on the target systems studied, and explain why state-of-the-art approaches are limited in helping diagnose the root causes of failures in flash-based storage systems in this section. Flash chips and devices. As mentioned in Table 2, many studies have been conducted on the reliability of raw flash memory chips [1–8, 23, 24]. Generally, these chip-level studies provide importantRead MoreThe Software Development Field Of Computer Science843 Words   |  4 Pagescareer in the software development field of computer science. In this field, I will mostly be creating programs and software to be installed or run on computers or other machines. Of course like any professional career, ethical issues can appear, but the issues found in the tech industry are not always found in the office area. Many of the issues developers face are outside of the office area and out in the field. The type of issues I am addressing is computer crimes, computer failures, protection

Effect Internal Audit Function Management â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Effect Internal Audit Function Management? Answer: Introducation Internal control is the policy defined in an organization through which the organization can achieve its objectives most efficiently and comply with the regulations and defined policies. The strengths in the internal controls of Acid Pty Ltd. are : There are various terminals and checks pre-determined at every level of the business cycle such as at the ordering department, sales department, dispatch office, stores department and the delivery department. Such terminals and check are very important for the business process to accomplish effectively (Elder et. al, 2010). The orders are taken on a selective basis as the orders receive pass through the computer edit checks and those orders which are not up to the mark are rejected by the system. This ensures that only those orders are taken which can be fulfilled by the company with full accuracy (Vause, 2009). It helps in ensuring a better activity and enables the company to receive orders. Moreover, the orders that are fulfilled are undertaken ensuring that the business is not affected. The weaknesses in the internal control of Acid Pty Ltd. are: Although the order checking and accepting system is good, it may result in fewer orders and thus fewer sales as the orders would have been checked through some officials and if any adjustments or modifications could be possible for procuring orders, it would help in increasing the sales (Church et. al, 2008). Therefore, the process of evaluation will lead to fewer The company takes the orders without checking the inventory levels. After taking the orders and going through different departments, the final orders are forwarded to the warehouse department where it is finally assessed by the store person and if the ordered goods are out of stock, the partial orders of goods in stock are forwarded to the dispatch department (Geoffrey et.al, 2016). Hence, the process of assessment is weak and will not help the company to enhance its sales. Moreover, the process is slow and will not help the company to attain a better prospect. Lack of oversight and review is there by the owners towards the whole business cycle as there are different flaws in all departments and these would be identified only when the owners or the top level executives keep a watch on all the activities and processes of the business cycle (Church et. al, 2008). The long business cycle is a very time-consuming The accounts receivables are updated in the master file on a daily basis but the same is not reconciled with the delivery receipts. The implications of weaknesses identified are as under : As there are no reviewing of the orders received from the customers apart from the computerized system, there is a possibility and might have been many cases where the order criteria may not have been found correct by computer system due to nonfulfillment of one or two criteria or may be due to any clerical error, but the same could be rectified or amended by the department head (Matthew, 2015). Due to complete dependency on computer systems for procurement of purchase orders, the company may lose many purchase orders in future which may further reduce the sales of the company and ultimately reduce the profitability. The company takes the orders without checking the inventory levels. After taking the orders and going through different departments, the financial orders are forwarded to the warehouse department where it is finally assessed by the store person and if the ordered goods are out of stock, the partial orders of goods in stock are forwarded to the dispatch department. This may create great losses for the company in the form of Fall in the reputation of the company as the customers who have placed their orders will not get those goods delivered which are not in stock with the company. As the company had accepted the orders, it should fulfill the same. When these are not fulfilled, the reputation of the company in the eyes of the company will start falling considerably. The company may incur losses as it might have to pay compensation to its customers for partial delivery of goods. Once a company accepts the orders, it becomes its obligation to fulfill the orders in time and deliver the complete orders. In case bulk orders are taken from big companies and orders are not completely delivered, the company may have to pay compensation to the ordering companies. Lack of oversight and review is there by the owners towards the whole business cycle as there are different flaws in all departments and these would be identified only when the owners or the top level executives keep a watch on all the activities and processes of the business cycle. If the owners will not keep a watch and review on the business process, it may lead to various frauds and manipulations in the accounts, cash, and inventories by the managers or low-level workers of different departments (Johnstone al, 2014). The whole business process is a very time-consuming process which may lead to more time taking in the delivery of orders. The time period between procurement of order and dispatch and delivery of orders increases due to such lengthy processes. The company should instead develop a shorter cycle to save time and money (Wood, 2011). The accounting receivable are not tallied and verified on a daily basis by the company with the daily delivery vouchers. This may lead to the incorrect calculation of amounts receivable from customers. Control Risk Assessment for companys sales system : Control risk assessment is a technique through which the risks are assessed so that the objectives for which internal controls have been implemented can be achieved (Gay Simnet, 2015). In the given case the assessment procedure of risks shall be set up department wise. If the sales system is taken here, then the risk assessment may be done using the following methods/ techniques: By inquiring about the sales system and its process from the management team and the other designated personnel of sales team By going through the audit report of the previous year and noting the points in the report with regard to the internal controls. By observing the whole process followed by the sales system. The company and the management need to do in-depth study about the business process cycle and verify the reports presented by each department with regard to their follow-ups and actions taken in case of any problem has been assessed. Internal control is the policy defined in an organization through which the organization can achieve its objectives most efficiently and comply with the regulations and defined policies (Gay Simnet, 2015). The strengths in the internal controls of Cannon Pty Ltd. are : The cheques from the customers have received through email This helps in keeping a track of the cheques received from the particular customers. Moreover, this process inconvenient in nature as it helps in providing a better grasp of the records. All the cheques are crosses to ensure that the payments are going into the bank account of the company only. It is a better prospect as it leads to keeping a track. Daily cash receipt reports are printed in the company. This enables the company to have a better management of the cash receipts. The weaknesses in the internal control of Cannon Pty Ltd. are: The cheques are crossed after they are received in the sales order department by the credit control clerk. As the cheques are received through email and sales representatives, there are very high chances that the cheques may be manipulated and fraud may be committed because before a cheque is crossed, it remains a bearer cheque. The details of cheques received are entered in the terminal at a later level. It should be done as soon as the cheques are received. There is no check on the aging of debtors. Where the information regarding remittance advice is not adequate or is not attached with the cheques, the credit control clerk allocates the receipts to the oldest balance first. There is no proper segregation of duties as the credit control clerk is only responsible for collecting the cheques and crossing them, entering details of the cheques in terminal and aging of debtors. The cash receipts data and accounts receivable master file is prepared daily with the cheque details only before the cheques have been credited to the bank accounts. It may be possible that some cheques may get bounced but the accounts receivables have already been shown as cash received with the receipt of cheques (Carcello, 2012). The implications of weaknesses identified are as under : As the cheques are crossed after they are received in the sales order department by the credit control clerk, there are very high chances that the cheques may be manipulated and fraud may be committed because before a cheque is crossed, it remains a bearer cheque and the sales representatives and the person who receives the email may take full advantage of this limitation in the internal control (Carcello, 2012). The details of cheques received are entered in the terminal at a later level. It should be done as soon as the cheques are received. Once an instantaneous recording of the cheque is done it leads to better transparency and elimination of any fraudulent activity. This delay in recording of cheques may lead to manipulation of cheques by the person responsible for collecting them (Heeler, 2009). By keeping a track of the cheques received at the initial level only, this problem can be avoided. There is no check on the aging of debtors, and further, where the full information is not received along with the cheques, the allocation process gets disturbed. Also, there is no clarification sought immediately from such debtors. As there is no segregation of duties and numerous duties have been handed over to one person only, there are major chances of mistakes and errors due to overburdening of the person which is the credit control clerk. Hence, the company should appoint one or two more persons so that the duties can be segregated (Black, 2010). The cash receipts data and accounts receivable master file is prepared daily before the cheques have been credited to the bank accounts. It may be possible that some cheques may get bounced but the accounts receivables have already been shown as cash received with the receipt of cheques (Reding et. al, 2015). The company should record the amounts received only when the cheques are encased or credited to the bank accounts of the company. As per Roach (2015) assessment of the internal controls shall be done using the following technique: By enquiring about the cash receipts system and its process from the management team and the other designated personnel of cash receipts management team. By observing the whole process followed by the cash receipts management team. By checking the mails register and also the registers maintained and signed by the sales representatives. By accessing the accounts receivable registers. This will provide a better view of the accounts receivable and hence, the appropriate decision can be taken regarding the funds. By reconciling the bank accounts with the cash receipts reports and bank deposit slips. The reconciliation will help in providing a better response and any differences can be easily negated. All these assessment techniques will help the company in finding out the internal control risks and also help in advising the management on how to remove the said weaknesses in the internal controls. References Black, W. K 2010, Epidemics of Control Fraud lead to Recurrent, Intensifying Bubbles and Crises, Working paper, University of Missouri-Kansas City. Carcello, J 2012, What do investors want from the standard audit report?, CPA Journal vol.82, no. 1, pp. 7-12 Church, B, Davis, S McCracken, S 2008, The auditors reporting model: A literature overview and research synthesis, Accounting Horizons vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 69-90. Elder, J. R, Beasley S. M. Arens A. A 2010, Auditing and Assurance Services, Person Education, New Jersey: USA Gay, G Simnet, R 2015, Auditing and Assurance Services, McGraw Hill Geoffrey D. B,Joleen K,K. Kelli SDavid A. W 2016, Attracting Applicants for In-House and Outsourced Internal Audit Positions: Views from External Auditors, Accounting Horizons, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 143-156. Heeler, D 2009, Audit Principles, Risk Assessment Effective Reporting. Pearson Press Johnstone, K, Gramling, A Rittenberg, L.E 2014, Auditing: A Risk Based-Approach to Conducting a Quality Audit,10th Edition, Cengage Learning Reding, H.R, Sobel, P.J, Anderson, U.L, Head,M.J, Ramamoorti, S, Salamasick,M Riddle, C 2015, Internal Auditing: Assurance Advisory Services, 3rd Edition, The Institute of Internal Auditor Research Foundation Matthew S. E 2015, Does Internal Audit Function Quality Deter Management Misconduct?, The Accounting Review, vol. 90, no. 2, pp. 495-527 Roach, L 2010, Auditor Liability: Liability Limitation Agreements, Pearson. Vause, B 2009, Guide to Analysing Companies, Bloomberg Press Wood, D A 2011,The Effect of Using the Internal Audit Function as a Management Training Ground on the External Auditor's Reliance Decision, The Accounting Review, vol. 86. no. 6

Oedipus The King Essays (1552 words) - Literature, Greek Mythology

Oedipus The King The true Greek tragedy, Oedipus the King, written by Sophocles (496-406 B.C.), adheres to Aristotles (384-322 B.C.) definition of a tragedy. The first criterion of a Greek tragedy is that the protagonist be a good person; doubly blessed with a good heart and noble intention. Sophocles reveals immediately at the start of the play that Oedipus is such a man. As is common in the Greek tragedy Oedipus is also an aristocrat. Born of the King and Queen of Thebes he is of true nobility. Oedipus on the other-hand believes his parents are the King and Queen of Corinth. Oedipus was abandoned as a baby and adopted by them. Because that information is known to the audience, and not to Oedipus prior to the start of the play, it is a perfect example of tragic irony because when he declares that he will find the murderer he is the man that he pursues. Here he is told by Tiresias," I say you are the murderer you hunt" (1235). The theme of Oedipus the King is not clear-cut. The theme in this tragic play seems to be you can?t escape your fate. Contentment leads to ignorance as Oedipus lends fate a hand in his bitter end. This trait is touched-on in these lines spoken by Creon. "Look at you, sullen in yielding, brutal in your rage- you'll go too far. It's perfect justice: natures like yours are hardest on themselves"(Sophocles 1242-1243). Oedipus is a true hero in the Greek tragedy. He has the fate of the community in his hands along with the noble character to take care of it himself. He announces his convictions to take this problem into his own hands and do whatever is necessary to lift the curse. Oedipus addresses the priests assembled before him, " You can trust me; I am ready to help, I'll do anything (Sophocles 1225). The city has this faith in him and the priest come to tell him so he will help them lift the curse. "Now we pray to you. You cannot equal the gods, your children know that...But we do rate you first of men,"(1226). He also appears to have Apollo's ear, which makes him seem all-powerful to the audience; this is another standard of the classic Greek tragedy. Oedipus told his people, "After painful search I found one cure: I acted at once. I sent Creon, my wife's own brother, to Delphi-Apollo the Prophet's oracle- to learn what I might do or say to save our city" (1226). Following Aristotle's qualifications of the tragic hero Oedipus does have a tragic flaw as is standard in the Greek tragedy. Oedipus has a character flaw that brings his end. Although it cannot be summed-up in one word there is evidence that his flaw may be ignorance or blindness to his own fate. This ignorance unearths a pride that is revealed though out the play. As when Oedipus tells the chorus/city' "You pray to the gods? Let me grant your prayers" (1231). Oedipus is too content with himself and his life to see his end coming. He throws caution to the wind when he kills a man who is old enough to be his father. This was done shortly after he had gone to see Apollo."-and the god Apollo spurned me, sent me away denied the facts I came for, but first he flashed before my eyes a future great with pain, terror, disaster-I can hear him cry,' You are fated to couple with your mother...you will kill your father, the one who gave you life" (1246)! Oedipus goes to great lengths to keep his fate from being played-out. He thinks running away will stop his role in things to come. And in his marriage to an older woman, he seems to tempt fate by not questioning his choice, when he knows there were doubts about his being a true blood relation to his parents. This is revealed to the audience when Oedipus says, "Some man at a banquet who had drunk too much shouted out-he was far gone mind you-that I am not my father's son" (1245). There are many choices he makes that can only be accredited to his blind faith in himself. Which is displayed in a blindness that is transmitted throughout. Oedipus refuses to believe Tiresias because he is a blind man and he tells him, "You've lost your power, stone-blind, stone-deaf--senses, eyes blind as stone!'-'this fortune-teller peddling lies, eyes peeled for his own profit-seer blind in his craft!"(1235). But

Free Essays on Wal-mart Brazil

Wal-Mart Operations in Brazil Professor Masaaki Kotabe of The University of Texas at Austin Graduate School of Business and Kleber G. de Godoy and Moacir Salzstein of Fundaà §o Getà ºlio Vargas, So Paulo, Brazil, prepared this case as the basis for class discussion rather than to illustrate either effective or ineffective management of a situation described, 1997. Copyright  © 1997 by Masaaki Kotabe Introduction In September 1994, Brazil was experiencing a new thrust in its economy. After several years of hyperinflation, the "Real Plan", implemented in March, 1994, an economic stabilization program that indexed the Brazilian currency to the U.S. dollar, began to reduce inflation to reasonable levels. In February 1994, a monthly inflation rate was 40%, whereas by September it was a relatively low 3%. Lower inflation rates would help improve the purchasing power, particularly of the lower socioeconomic segment of the population. The optimistic scenario encouraged many foreign companies to make new investments in Brazil. If Brazil is the leading economy in Latin America, with a population of more than 150 million, why not invest there, now that a better business horizon lies ahead in this continental country? Wal-Mart Stores, the world leader in retailing, announced on May 9, 1994 that it had decided to invest heavily in Brazil, through a partnership with Lojas Americanas, Brazil's leading department store chain. Wal-Mart Stores would own 60% of Wal-Mart do Brasil, whereas Lojas Americanas would retain the remaining 40%. The North-American "giant" was known to provoke a market revolution in every country it decided to enter. Wal-Mart not only announced the decision to enter the market with Supercenters (stores with 20,000 m2 of area and more than 50,000 different items) and Sam's Club stores (a buyers' club, founded in 1976 in the U.S.). Brazilian competitors had good reasons to be concerned. Wal-Mart was known ... Free Essays on Wal-mart Brazil Free Essays on Wal-mart Brazil Wal-Mart Operations in Brazil Professor Masaaki Kotabe of The University of Texas at Austin Graduate School of Business and Kleber G. de Godoy and Moacir Salzstein of Fundaà §o Getà ºlio Vargas, So Paulo, Brazil, prepared this case as the basis for class discussion rather than to illustrate either effective or ineffective management of a situation described, 1997. Copyright  © 1997 by Masaaki Kotabe Introduction In September 1994, Brazil was experiencing a new thrust in its economy. After several years of hyperinflation, the "Real Plan", implemented in March, 1994, an economic stabilization program that indexed the Brazilian currency to the U.S. dollar, began to reduce inflation to reasonable levels. In February 1994, a monthly inflation rate was 40%, whereas by September it was a relatively low 3%. Lower inflation rates would help improve the purchasing power, particularly of the lower socioeconomic segment of the population. The optimistic scenario encouraged many foreign companies to make new investments in Brazil. If Brazil is the leading economy in Latin America, with a population of more than 150 million, why not invest there, now that a better business horizon lies ahead in this continental country? Wal-Mart Stores, the world leader in retailing, announced on May 9, 1994 that it had decided to invest heavily in Brazil, through a partnership with Lojas Americanas, Brazil's leading department store chain. Wal-Mart Stores would own 60% of Wal-Mart do Brasil, whereas Lojas Americanas would retain the remaining 40%. The North-American "giant" was known to provoke a market revolution in every country it decided to enter. Wal-Mart not only announced the decision to enter the market with Supercenters (stores with 20,000 m2 of area and more than 50,000 different items) and Sam's Club stores (a buyers' club, founded in 1976 in the U.S.). Brazilian competitors had good reasons to be concerned. Wal-Mart was known ...

Anti-terror laws in India

Anti-terror laws in India History of anti-terror laws in India Terrorism has immensely affected India. The reasons for terrorism in India may vary vastly from religious to geographical to caste to history. The Indian Supreme Court took a note of it in Kartar Singh v. State of Punjab[1], where it observed that the country has been in the firm grip of spiraling terrorist violence and is caught between deadly pangs of disruptive activities. Apart from many skirmishes in various parts of the country, there were countless serious and horrendous events engulfing many cities with blood-bath, firing, looting, mad killing even without sparing women and children and reducing those areas into a graveyard, which brutal atrocities have rocked and shocked the whole nation Deplorably, determined youths lured by hard-core criminals and underground extremists and attracted by the ideology of terrorism are indulging in committing serious crimes against the humanity. Anti-terrorism laws in India have always been a subject of m uch controversy. One of the arguments is that these laws stand in the way of fundamental rights of citizens guaranteed by Part III of the Constitution. The anti-terrorist laws have been enacted before by the legislature and upheld by the judiciary though not without reluctance. The intention was to enact these statutes and bring them in force till the situation improves. The intention was not to make these drastic measures a permanent feature of law of the land. But because of continuing terrorist activities, the statutes have been reintroduced with requisite modifications. At present, the legislations in force to check terrorism in India are the National Security Act, 1980 and the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967. There have been other anti-terrorism laws in force in this country a different points in time. The first law made in independent India to deal with terrorism and terrorist activities that came into force on 30 Dec 1967 was The Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Ac t 1967. After the 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Center, the world’s outlook towards the terrorist and terrorist organization has changed the laws have become much more stringent to curb such activities. The Indian outlook also changed specially after the 13 December attack on the Indian parliament which is seen as a symbol of our democracy then it became necessary to enforce a law which would be more stringent so that the terrorist cannot go Scot free because after the lapse of TADA in 1995 following the wide spread complaint that it was being abused there was no law which could be used as a weapon against the rising terrorist activities in India. Prevention Of Terrorist Activities Act, 2002 In 2002 March session of the Indian parliament the Prevention Of Terrorist Activities (POTA) Act was introduced and it had widespread opposition not even in the Indian parliament but throughout India especially with the human rights organization because they thought that the act violate d most of the fundamental rights provided in the Indian constitution. The protagonists of the Act have, however, hailed the legislation on the ground that it has been effective in ensuring the speedy trial of those accused of indulging in or abetting terrorism. POTA is useful in stemming â€Å"state-sponsored cross-border terrorism†, as envisaged by the Home Minister L.K. Advani. The Prevention of Terrorism Act, 2002 (POTA), was seen as a controversial piece of legislation ever since it was conceived as a weapon against terrorism. Human rights groups as well as opposition parties have expressed strong reservations against the move, which they say violates citizens’ fundamental rights.

Law Case Study Question Analysis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Law Question Analysis - Case Study Example The English contract law provides that the advertiser of good or products for sale through a newspaper is under duty to scrutinize the offers that have been tendered by the interested parties, if such offers are made before the expiry of the deadline that has been set by the advertisement, and without any variation in the offers . In this respect, Arthur is under duty to scrutinize the letter of offer that was submitted by Rodney, failure to which he is liable for having breached the terms of the contract. This is because, after reading the advertisement on the newspaper, Rodney sent the necessary letter of offer and the required amount, and they were received by Arthur at 9:50 am Monday as required by the advertisement. Arthur cannot sell the car to Thelma and he is not under any legal obligation to fulfill the contract with her. This is because, when Thelma saw the advertisement, she tendered a counter offer by submitting a cheque of cheque for  £7,250, as opposed to the cheque f or  £7,500 that was required by the advertisement. This simply amounts to a counter offer under the English contract law, where an individual issues an offer that is different and that is varying the actual terms that were in the original contract notification . The English contract law provides that under the situation of a counter offer, the contract terms have been varied, and thus the individual asking for the offers from the interested parties cannot be legally bound to accept that offer.

The Most Significant Moment of Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Most Significant Moment of Life - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that the true essence of our life is exhibited through the little moments of joy or sorrow that are dear to us and are close to our hearts. These moments may be seemingly minor and trivial but become the most treasured and meaningful memories. These noteworthy moments adorn our past for our lifetime and have an evergreen effect on our future. Not just joyous incidents, some heart-wrenching episodes affecting our dear ones or our surroundings can also remain etched in our memories. Such incidents serve as reminders of the realities of life and the ups and downs it encompasses. On the other hand, the beautiful and worthwhile episodes shared with our family, favorite pets, colleagues, and friends prove to us every day the worthiness of life. These precious memories give us the necessary boost we need when we are drowned in the daily chaos and obligations. The researcher’s Granddad possessed a very full of life and admirable personality. The author enjoyed the most when she used to spend her time at her grandparent's house. Every single moment the researcher spent with her granddad was filled with affection and a feeling of warmth. Even now when she thinks of even the most inconsequential episodes she spent with her granddad, the author is reminded of his honesty and kindness that reflected her personality. Childhood is a part of your life where the tiniest of gestures have a deep impact on one’s personality. The researcher’s granddad showed the importance of family, the significance of kindness and gave her the confidence that is needed to become a self-assured young girl that she is today. The author always worshipped his lively personality, the way he laughed and made jokes with his companions. His authoritarian personality with the spirit of kindness and love that, he had in abundance, especially for the researcher. Her granddad always took special care of her and the author used to accompany him most of the time. One particular incident has left a deep impact on the author’s mind and she still finds that she related to it some way or another. During one particular summer vacations, when the author was in 6th standard she went to her granddad's house as a part of her usual annual routine. As usual, the author spent the bright lively summer days in her grandparent’s house cherishing each and every moment. Summer vacations were a time which she used to wait for eagerly. It was an occasion when the researcher got the chance to spend time with one person who made her feel special through his affectionate soul and kind gestures. Granddad brought home a little, frail puppy that looked scared and homeless. Its innocent round eyes stared at the author with fear in them. Granddad had found him on his way home in a deserted street without its mother. The researcher was amazed and quite amused by this little creature. The puppy was just like a little baby; small, fragile and completely dependent on others. Granddad gave the puppy to the author and told her to take special care of the little creature. That day he taught the researcher a lesson that she followed the rest of her life. It was something that was obvious from his way of life and his personality. He taught her love and affection for family. He told her that if today the author takes care of the little, defenseless creature, it will grow up tomorrow and return her the kindness and affection she showed to it.